In the absence of treatment, 75-95 percent of patients with advanced form of the disease will die, and timely treatment led to the recovery of patients. Bed rest, nursing care in terms of health, diet containing sufficient protein, essential vitamins are major issues in treatment. A patient is suffering from kala azar.

Treatment includes compounds containing antimony. Such as meglumine antimonial, sodium stibogluconate. Other drugs include amphotericin B, ketoconazole, paromomycin.

The required treatment is determined based on the location of the disease, the species of Leishmania and the type of infection. Some possible drugs to treat the visceral type of the disease include: amphotericin B, a combination of pentavalent antimonial and paromomycin, and miltefosine to treat the cutaneous type of the disease, the drugs paromomycin, fluconazole, or pentamidine can be effective.

Discounts have been applied by the World Health Organization on the drugs needed to treat Leishmania